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IMPORTANT:
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| Drugs & Medications |
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Analgesics are drugs that relieve pain. Analgesics include paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), narcotic drugs, synthetic drugs with narcotic properties and various others. In this forum, you can talk about acetaminophen, aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen sodium, buprenorphine, diamorphine = heroin, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, opium, oxycodone, tramadol, etc
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Antacids are drugs that neutralize stomach acid and relieve indigestion and heartburn in that way. Some commonly used brand names are: Alamag, Almacone, Alu-Cap, Antacid Gelcaps, Calglycine, Dicarbosil, Di-Gel, Gelusil, Losopan, Maalox, Magnalox, Mi-Acid, Mygel, Nephrox, Riopan, Uro-Mag, etc.
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Antianxiety Drugs depresses the central nervous system and suppress anxiety, sleepiness and relax muscles. They are also called downers or minor tranquilizers. When abused, many of these drugs could lead to unconsciousness and death. Sedatives include: barbiturates, benzodiazepines, carisoprodol, glutethimide, ketamine (Ketaset®), opioids, opium, zopiclone, etc.
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Antiarrhythmics control irregularities of heartbeat. Antiarrhythmics include Betapace (sotalol), Cardizem (diltiazem), Covera (verapamil), Inderal (propranolol), Isoptin (verapamil), Pacerone (amiodarone), Ethmozine (moricizine), Lopressor (metoprolol), Mexitil (mexiletine), Norpace (disopyramide), Procanbid (procainamide), Pronestyl (procainamide), Quinidex Extentabs (quinidine sulfate), Rythmol (propafenone), Tambocor (flecainide), Tenormin (atenolol), Tiazac (diltiazem), Tikosyn (dofetilide), Tonocard (tocainide), Toprol XL (metoprolol).
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Antibiotics combat bacterial infection. Antibiotics include Penicillin, Cephalosporin, Polymyxin B, Amphotericin B, Erythromycin, Neomycin, Streptomycin, Tetracycline, Vancomycin, Gentamicin, Rifamycin, etc.
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Anticoagulants prevent blood from clotting while Thrombolytics dissolve and disperse blood clots. Anticoagulants include Warfarin, Heparin, Certoparin, Bivalirudin, Dalteparin, Enoxaparin etc. Thrombolytics include t-PA, reteplase, tenecteplase, anistreplase, streptokinase and urokinase.
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Anticonvulsants prevent epileptic seizures. Anticonvulsants include Barbiturates: Barbexaclone, Metharbital, Methylphenobarbital, Phenobarbital, Primidone, Hydantoins: Ethotoin, Fosphenytoin, Mephenytoin, Phenytoin, Oxazolidinediones: Ethadione, Paramethadione, Trimethadione, Succinimides: Ethosuximide, Mesuximide, Phensuximide, Benzodiazepines: Clobazam, Clonazepam, Clorazepate, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Midazolam, Nitrazepam, Temazepam, Carboxamides: Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, Rufinamide, Fatty acid derivatives: Valpromide, Valnoctamide, Carboxylic acids: Valproic acid (Sodium valproate & Valproate semisodium), etc.
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Antidepressants are drugs used for treating or alleviating the symptoms of clinical depression. Antidepressants can be divided into following classes: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), Norepinephrine/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (NRIs aka NERIs/NARIs), Dopamine reuptake inhibitors (DRIs), Opioids, Selective serotonin reuptake enhancers (SSREs), Novel antidepressants and Tetracyclic antidepressants.
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Antidiarrheals are drugs used for the relief of diarrhea. There are two types: those that thicken the stool (Kaolin/pectin and bismuth subsalicylate ) and those that slow intestinal spasms (iphenoxylate/atropine, difenoxin/atropine, and loperamide).
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Antiemetics treat nausea and vomiting. Antiemetics include 5HT3 receptor (type of serotonin receptor) antagonists, Dopamine antagonists, Antihistamines and Cannabinoids.
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Antifungals treat fungal infections that usually affect the hair, skin, nails, or mucous membranes. They can be divided into Polyene antimycotic Natamycin, Rimocidin); imidazole and triazole (Miconazole, Ketoconazole, Clotrimazole, etc); Allylamines ( Terbinafine, Amorolfine and Naftifine); Echinocandin (Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, etc) and others.
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Antihistamines counteract the effects of histamine, chemical involved in allergic reactions.
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Antihypertensives lower blood pressure. Antihypertensives include diuretics, beta-blockers, calcium channel blocker, ACE (angiotensin- converting enzyme) inhibitors, centrally acting antihypertensives and sympatholytics.
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Anti-Inflammatories reduce inflammation and its symptoms like the redness, heat, swelling, and increased blood flow found in infections. Anti-Inflammatories include Aspirin, Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Ketoprofen, Naproxen, Tiaprofenic.
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Antineoplastics are drugs that treat cancer i.e. to inhibit or prevent the growth or development of malignant cells. They include Alkylating Agents, Antibiotics, Antimetabolites and Antimitotic agents. Cytotoxics can be also used as antineoplastics.
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Antipsychotics treat symptoms of severe psychiatric disorders. They are divided into typical (Phenothiazines and Butyrophenones), atypical (Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone, etc) and Dopamine partial agonists (Aripiprazole).
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Antipyretics reduce fever. The most common antipyretics are painkillers aspirin and acetaminophen.
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Antivirals treat viral infections or protect against influenza. Antivirals include Anti-herpesvirus agents(Aciclovir, Cidofovir, Docosanol, Famciclovir), Anti-influenza agents (Amantadine, Oseltamivir, Peramivir, Rimantadine, Zanamivir), Antiretroviral drugs and other.
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Barbiturates act as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, causing mild sedation to anesthesia. Some of the available barbiturates are: Amobarbital (Sodium Amytal; hypnotics), Aprobarbital (hypnotic), Butabarbital (hypnotics), Butalbital (Fiorinal; sedative), Hexobarbital (Sombulex; hypnotic/anesthetic), Methylphenobarbital (Mebaral; antianxiety, anticonvulsant), Pentobarbital (Nembutal; hypnotic), Phenobarbital (Luminal; hypnotic, sedative, anticonvulsant), Secobarbital (Seconal; hypnotic), Sodium thiopental, Talbutal (Lotusate; hypnotic) and Thiobarbital (anesthetic).
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Beta blockers are used to treat high blood pressure and heart problems. Some beta blockers are Atenolol, Metoprolol and Propranolol.
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Bronchodilators open up the bronchial tubes within the lungs when the tubes have become narrowed by muscle spasms. Bronchodilators can be short acting or long acting. The most common bronchodilators are Ventolin, Primatene (epinephrine), Flixotide, Serevent, Accu-Hale, Albuterol.
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Corticosteroids are drugs related to cortisol, a hormone produced in the adrenal cortex. Corticosteroids are used primarily as anti-inflammatories but could be also used for treating some malignancies or natural hormone deficiency. Corticosteroid Drugs Include: Betamethasone (Celestone), Budesonide (Entocort EC), Cortisone (Cortone), Dexamethasone (Decadron), Hydrocortisone (Cortef), Prednisolone (Prelone), Prednisone (Deltasone) and Triamcinolone (Kenacort, Kenalog).
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Cough suppressants may act centrally on the brain or locally on the respiratory tract in order to suppress the cough reflex. Some of the cough suppressants are dextromethorphan (DXM), noscapine, ethyl morphine and codeine. Expectorants thin the mucous that blocks the air tubes leading to the lungs. This makes the mucus easier to cough up. The most common expectorant is Guaifenesin.
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Decongestants reduce swelling of the mucous membranes and relieve nasal congestion. Topical decongestants include ephedrine, oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, Pseudoephedrine, Tramazoline and Xylometazoline. Pill form decongestants include pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine.There are also OTC nose sprays and drops.
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