Neurotransmitter

From Health Encyclopedia

Contents 1 Used for 2 See for 3 Broader Terms 4 Narrower Terms 5 Related Terms 6 Scope Note 7 Facts (generated by robot; please edit if you find it inaccurate)

Used for

neurohumor, neuroregulator

See for

neuromodulator

Broader Terms

cell communication molecule

Narrower Terms

acetylcholine, adenosine, dopamine, gamma aminobutyrate, glutamate, glycine, histamine, norepinephrine, octopamine, serotonin, taurine

Related Terms

neuroregulation

Scope Note

any of a group of substances that are released on excitation from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron and travel across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell; included are neuromodulators, neuroregulators, neuromediators, neurohormones, and neurohumors, whether or not acting at synapses.

Facts (generated by robot; please edit if you find it inaccurate)

• Definition of a Neurotransmitter A neurotransmitter is defined as a chemical messenger which is released from the synaptic terminal of a neuron at a chemical synapse that diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to and stimulates the post-synaptic membrane.
• The parts of synapses where neurotransmitter is released are called the active zones.
• This is particularly important since this excitatory neurotransmitter is present in millimolar concentrations inside neurons and its uncoupled efflux would be neurotoxic.
• (Chapter 4) T F Neurotransmitter is released from a presynaptic terminal by a process of exocytosis, when synaptic vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane of the synaptic terminal in response to calcium influx.
• It was already known that the target, known as SNAP-25, is required for the release of the neurotransmitter needed for normal function; however, when SNAP-25 is cleaved, the release of neurotransmitter is inhibited.

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