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Many people are turning to over-the-counter enzyme supplements to aid their digestive system. The benefits and disadvantages of such supplementation are not always known to the consumers.

People with a number of medical conditions can clearly benefit from the digestive enzyme supplementation. Digestive enzymes may be used for those with pancreatic insufficiency to help replace the enzymes that the pancreas produces.

These enzymes may also be helpful for:

  • Celiac disease
  • Heartburn
  • Irritable bowel syndrome
  • Crohn's disease
  • Indigestion
  • Pancreatitis
  • Ulcerative colitis
Digestive enzymes may also help to lower the level of cholesterol, stimulate the immune system, reduce inflammation (namely bromelain), help to cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, manage arthritis and improve the health of the liver.

There are four conditions for which digestive enzymes have been studied, including:

  • Irritable bowel syndrome: The pancrealipase digestive enzyme may help with some irritable bowel syndrome symptoms. The results from the clinical trial involving 69 patients, some of which took a placebo and some of which got the actual enzyme, show that those with the actual enzyme had a big reduction in bloating, cramping and pain.
  • Cancer: Cancer treatment can cause an array of digestive side effects. Studies show that the proteolytic enzymes may be helpful in alleviate some of the digestive symptoms that occur with radiation therapy and chemotherapy, such as fatigue, nausea and weight loss.
  • Inflammatory bowel disease: While the research is only preliminary, the type of inflammatory bowel disease called colitis may be helped by certain digestive enzymes. Bromelain has anti-inflammatory properties and this may aid in reducing the inflammation associated with this disease. So far, the research has only been performed on mice.
  • Arthritis: Some research suggests that the digestive enzyme bromelain may be effective in alleviating the pain of arthritis. Nine clinical trials have been performed to see how arthritis patients respond to bromelain. The results show that this digestive enzyme may be nearly as helpful as the prescription medication diclofenac. Diclofenac is a type of medication that is classified as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that helps to alleviate the inflammation, pain and stiffness associated with this condition.

Potential Disadvantages of Over-the-Counter Enzyme Supplements

Those taking digestive enzymes may experience certain problems such as stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. There is also a small risk of allergic reaction. For the most part, those taking the amounts listed on the packages usually do not have any serious problems because over-the-counter digestive enzymes are relatively safe.

Those who have a medical condition should consult their physician before using digestive enzymes to ensure absolute safety.

It is important to follow the dosing recommendations exactly to reduce the risk of side effects and potential problems.

Before you head out to buy an over-the-counter enzyme supplement, talk to your doctor. You want to make sure that this supplement will be safe and beneficial for you. Many people take supplements without truly understanding their benefits and disadvantages, and this can be rather dangerous, especially when they are used for lengthy periods of time. The risk of serious problems is very low, but it is still important to make sure that a particular type of supplement you intend to take will really help you.

  • Jithinraj Edakkanambeth Varayil, Brent A. Bauer, Ryan T. Hurt (2014) Over-the-Counter Enzyme Supplements: What a Clinician Needs to Know. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 89, 1307-1312’ Roxas, M. (2008) The Role of Enzyme Supplementation in Digestive Disorders. Alternative Medicine Review 13:307-313
  • Taussig SJ, Batkin S. (1988) Bromelain, the enzyme complex of pineapple (Ananas comosus) and its clinical application. An update. J Ethnopharmacol 22, 191-203
  • Klein G, Kullich W, Schnitker J, et al. (2006) Efficacy and tolerance of an oral enzyme combination in painful osteoarthritis of the hip. A double-blind, randomised study comparing oral enzymes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Clin Exp Rheumatol 24, 25-30.
  • Photo courtesy of SuperFantastic by Flickr: www.flickr.com/photos/superfantastic/2003694270
  • Photo courtesy of Rebecca Siegel by Flickr: www.flickr.com/photos/grongar/3862869698

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