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If you have a shoulder injury, or you'd like to avoid one, you can use the tools you already have at home or in the gym to fix your shoulder.

So far we've mostly looked at moves that are best for prefab, for rehab when your injury is getting better, or for improving postural awareness and tightening up posture.

But what about acute rehab, when your injury is new and the dysfunction and pain rules out pressing things and doing anything with a load?

The Towel

The first option is to roll a towel as tightly as you can and put it on the floor, then lie on your back with the towel about level with the base of your shoulder blades. Do a little crunch-like movement and then pull yourself back down toward the floor, trying to get all your spine in contact with the floor. Move the towel up and down you back, trying to get "stuck" vertebrae to start moving again. Don't use excessive force, or view this as an alternative to getting a serious back injury looked at by a doctor, but it can help with kyphosis that's locked in place by spasming postural muscles and free up the shoulder girdle for more targeted rehab work.

The other option is to use the towel to attach your injured arm to your non-injured arm. External rotation is damaged or lost more often than internal rotation, so we'll talk about that. You can do moves like overhead presses or bench presses using the towel as a "bar", concentrating on pulling the towel apart. You can also try moving the injured arm to different positions during the movement and keeping up enough pressure to learn a new movement pattern with the other arm.

Finally, the towel offers the ideal tool to use in basic unloaded external rotations. Fold it until it's about as thick as your fist and put it between your ribs and your elbow, to stop you using your upper back muscles to cheat in external rotations.

The Theraband

These are actually a trade name that has passed into common use. Exercise tubing or an elastic exercise band is often called a theraband. If your physical therapist hasn't given you one and you want one, they're cheap — though check with a professional if you plan to use it a lot in cease it's likely to make your particular injury worse.

Attach the band to door handles (careful!) to practice external and internal rotations (Where's that towel?), and use it like the towel as a more advanced version; because it's elastic, it's harder to cheat. When you do a move like an overhead press with a theraband, the point where the damaged part of your shoulder kicks in will show up because you'll be less able to resist the pull of the band in that area. Gradually move into the difficult range of motion, but always stop if it hurts!

The Broomstick 

This is one of my favorite all-round training tools. Start with a broomstick or a broom, with the head on. Grasp it by the end opposite the head and hold that hand about shoulder height, with the broom vertical. Just keeping the balance of an end-weighted object in this position can be challenging for a damaged shoulder, so don't do these drills for long. leave plenty in the bag!

From here, allow the broomstick to fall backward over your shoulder. The other end will appear again outside your hip, pulling your arm back and raising your elbow; by moving your elbow forward and down, return to the first position. Simply repeat this move a few times, watching and feel you your shoulder move and monitoring it for stability as it moves.

The other move is called a flag press. Hold the broom by its base at arm's length, right out to the side and vertical with the head above your hand. Again, this is a stabilization matter  the thing that keeps the broom erect is partly your rotator cuff and the muscles of your shoulder so this is a good way too improve stabilization. Now, bring your elbow in as if you're doing a sideways pushup. Your elbow should finally meet your ribs, without scapular winging or pain. The press the broom out to the starting position. 

When you're stronger you can use a heavier object  any big stick will do to start off with, but sledgehammers are good for the longer haul  to build on the improved shoulder health you've acquired with these moves.

If you'd like more detail on any of this, or you think I've missed a trick, please get in touch in the comments below!

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